Introduction
There are many nursing theories and models concerning the various ways of expanding quality within health institutions. Some of these nursing models are organized based on ‘Advanced Practice Nurses’ (Cardoso et al., 2021). An example of such a model is the health promotion model, also known as the middle-range theory. Health promotion involves motivating people to make health-related choices and encouraging them to remain consistent with their goals by following approaches linked to the behavior of human beings. Generally, the implementation of health promotion requires strategies such as counseling and patient education. In the healthcare field, health professionals execute these strategies according to different situations. This paper will look at the major nursing concepts, assumptions, and propositions of the health promotion model.
Major Nursing Concepts
The health promotion model emphasizes the complexity of people connecting with the environment in pursuance of their health. This model also describes three major health promotion categories, namely: behavioral outcome, behavior-specific cognitions, and individual experiences and characteristics. Firstly, behavioral outcomes refer to the devotion of an individual to an action plan, health-advancing behavior, and instant competing preferences. Secondly, behavior-specific cognitions involve the benefits of a particular action, perceived barriers of action, activity-associated effects, situational influences, and interpersonal influences. Lastly, individual experiences and characteristics refer to the previous related conduct and personal factors.
There are four meta paradigms of nursing in the health promotion model: person, health, nursing, and environment. Firstly, the person metaparadigm encloses aspects such as the culture, friends, family, and spirituality of the individual. Secondly, the environment involves both external and internal patient-related factors. These factors include the interactions of patients with their surroundings and visitors. Thirdly, the health metaparadigm refers to the wellness and quality of the patient. Additionally, health involves the health care access of the patient. Finally, the concept of nursing refers to nurses, their attributes, and how they apply their skills and knowledge during patient care (Deliktas et al., 2019). Overall, nurses need to apply these concepts to address patient care in general.
Assumptions and Propositions
The assumptions of the health promotion model reflect both behavioral and nursing perspectives. This model assumes that individuals attempt to control their behavior, express their unique potential, and transform in the process of interacting with the environment: the environment includes health professionals. Health promotion propositions are in four particular classifications: effects of behavior, which should include health improvement, and commitment to change by engaging in behaviors that develop personal benefits (Khoshnood et al., 2018). The effect of self-efficacy includes executing a certain behavior to increase the prospect of authentic performance.
As an extension to the assumptions of the health promotion model described by one of my peers, I stress that all individuals are in control of sustaining and shaping their health conduct within their surroundings. Additionally, health caregivers have the most significant influence and role on the environment of the patient (Fatima et al., 2018). Therefore, to maintain a behavior change, the behavior itself has to be self-initiated. Another one of my peers explained the significance of the health promotion model. As an extension to this significance, the health promotion model in general aims at improving the well-being of a patient and preventing illnesses by establishing behavior that promotes health in the community.
References
Cardoso, R. B., Caldas, C. P., Brandão, M. A., Souza, P. A., & Santana, R. F. (2022). Healthy aging promotion model referenced in Nola Pender’s theory. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 75(1). Web.
Deliktas, A., Korukcu, O., Aydin, R., & Kabukcuoglu, K. (2019). Nursing students’ perceptions of nursing metaparadigms: A phenomenological study. Journal of Nursing Research, 27(5), e45. Web.
Fatima, T., Malik, S. A., & Shabbir, A. (2018). Hospital healthcare service quality, patient satisfaction and loyalty. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 35(6), 1195-1214. Web.
Khoshnood, Z., Rayyani, M., & Tirgari, B. (2018). Theory analysis for Pender’s health promotion model (HPM) by Barnum’s criteria: A critical perspective. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 32(4). Web.